加拿大安大略省司机手册（十三）

2.4  Freeway 

 高速公路

Entering

进入高速公路

This driving task begins on the entrance ramp to a freeway and ends when you have reached the speed of the traffic on the freeway. Remember to do the following:
此测试项目始于高速路入口匝道，止于你提升车速至与高速上车辆等速。确认按如下操作：

Traffic check

检查路况

While on the ramp, as soon as you can see freeway traffic approaching from behind, check your mirrors and blind spot for a space to merge safely. At the same time, watch any vehicles in front of you on the ramp and keep back a safe distance. Continue to divide your attention between watching in front, checking your mirrors and looking over your shoulder to check your blind spot until you can merge safely with traffic.
当车行驶在入口匝道上，尽早观察后视镜和盲点， 以了解后方驶来的车辆的情况，确保并入主道时，能获得和后方车辆间安全车距。同时，注意观察你前方同在匝道上驶行车辆并保持安全的距离。始终合理分配注意力，观察前方路况，通过后视镜观察后方路况，以及查看盲点，直至安全并入高速度车流当。

Signal

灯号

If you have not done so already, turn on your signal as soon as traffic on the freeway is able to see your vehicle on the ramp.
如果你还没有充分准备好，当高速公路上的车辆能看到你在匝道上行驶时，打开左转向灯。

Space

安全距离

While on the ramp and merging with freeway traffic, keep at least a two to three-second distance behind the vehicle in front of you. Time your merge so you do not move in beside another vehicle or into the blind spot of another vehicle. If traffic is heavy or moving at such a high speed that it is difficult to keep an ideal following distance, adjust your speed to get the best spacing possible. While on the ramp and in the acceleration lane, keep inside the lane markings.
当从匝道并入高速公路的车流时，至少与前车保持2-3秒的安全距离。不要在旁边靠近其它车辆时汇入车流时，或是汇入充车流时进入其它车辆的盲点。如果车流量很大，或是高速上车速太高以至于很难保安全车距，就根据情况调整你的车速以获得最大的安全距离。当行速在匝道或是加速车道等待并道时，保持在车道内行驶，不要压线或越线。

Speed

速度

On the curve of the entrance ramp, keep your speed slow enough so that objects and people inside your vehicle are not pushed from the force created by turning the curve. While in the acceleration lane, increase your speed to match that of freeway traffic. While merging, control your speed to blend smoothly with freeway traffic.
在弯形入口匝道行驶时，操制车速，以免车内乘客或货物因转弯被甩动。在加速车道行驶时，要增加车速至同高速上车辆相适合。控制车速以使车辆平滑汇入车流时。

Merge

并道

Merge with freeway traffic in a smooth, gradual movement to the centre of the nearest freeway lane.
并道时，平滑、稳定的移动至最近的高速车道中央。

 

Cancel signal

关闭转向灯

Turn off your signal as soon as you have merged with freeway traffic.
汇入车流后，立即关闭转向灯。

Driving along

驾车

This driving task checks your actions driving along the freeway (but not merging, changing lanes or exiting). Be sure to remember the following points:
此测试项目主要检查你在高速行驶的操作（但不包括驶入高速，换道，驶出高速）确认按如下操作：

 

Traffic check

检查路况

While driving along, keep checking traffic all around you and look in your mirrors every 5 to 10 seconds.
驾车时，保持观察你四周的路况，每5-10秒钟观察一遍后视镜。

Speed

车速

Avoid exceeding the speed limit or driving unreasonably slowly. Whenever possible, drive at a steady speed. Look ahead to where you are going to be in the next 12 to 15 seconds for dangerous situations or obstacles that you can avoid by changing your speed.
避免超速或速度过低。不论何时，均应以稳定车速驾车。观察前方路况，注意12至15秒后要通过位置是否有危险状况或是障碍，以便调整车速避让。

Space

空全距离

Always keep at least a two to three-second distance behind the vehicle in front of you. If another vehicle follows too closely behind you, give yourself even more room in front or change lanes. Try to keep a space on both sides of your vehicle and try not to drive in the blind spots of other vehicles. Avoid driving behind large vehicles. Because of their size, they block your view of traffic more than other vehicles.
始终与前车保持2-3秒的安全距离。如果你后方车辆跟车太近，你要留出足够的空间，为了与前车保持安全距离以及安全换道。与其它车辆保持各方向上的安全距离，不要行驶在其它车辆的盲点上。避免在大型车辆后方行驶。因为大型车辆会比其它车两更严重阻碍你驾驶视野。

Exiting

驶离高速

This driving task begins when you are driving in the far right lane of the freeway and can see the exit you want to take. It ends when you reach the end of the exit ramp. Remember to do the following:
此测试项目始于你驾车行驶在高速右侧车道并能看到你想要选择驶出高速公路的出口，止于你抵达驶出匝路的终点。确认按如下操作：

Traffic check

检查路况

Before moving into the exit lane, look left and right and check your mirrors. If there is a lane of traffic on your right, such as an acceleration lane from an entrance ramp or a paved shoulder, remember also to check your right blind spot.
驶入驶离高速车道前，观察左右两侧及后视镜。如你右侧还有行车道，比果是入口匝道或是硬路路肩的加速车路，还要记得检查你右视盲点。

Signal

转向信号      

Turn on your signal before you reach the exit lane.
打右转向灯，在抵达驶出车道前。

Exit lane

驶出车道

Enter the exit lane at the beginning of the lane with a smooth, gradual movement. Stay inside the lane markings. If there are two or more exit lanes, do not cross solid lines on the pavement to change lanes.
平滑、稳定的驶入驶出车道的起始端。保持在车道线内行驶。如有两条或更多驶出车道，不要跨越实心车道线换车道。

Speed

速度

Do not slow down before you are completely in the exit lane. Once you are in the lane, slow gradually without causing traffic to pile up behind you. On the curve of the exit ramp, keep your speed slow enough so that objects and people inside your vehicle are not pushed from the force created by turning the curve. In a vehicle with manual transmission, downshift as you reduce speed.
在完全进入驶出车道前，不要降低车速。一量驶入驶出车道，逐渐降低车速以免阻碍在后方行驶的车辆。在弧形驶出匝道上，操制车速，以免车内乘客或货物因转弯被甩动。手动档车辆，在减速时应相应换档至合理档位。

Space

安全距离

Keep at least a two to three-second distance behind the vehicle in front of you.
与前车保持2至3秒钟的安全车距。

Cancel signal

关闭转向灯

Turn off your signal once you are on the exit ramp.

进入驶出匝道后，立即关闭转向灯。

2.5 Lane change

转换车道

 

This driving task begins as you look for a space to change lanes and ends when you have completed the lane change. Remember to follow these actions:

此测试项目始于你寻找安全距离以便换车道，止于完成换车道。确保按如下操作：

Traffic check

检查路况

While waiting to change lanes safely, look all around you. Divide your attention between watching in front, watching the mirrors and checking your blind spot. If there is another lane beside the one you are moving into, check traffic in that lane to avoid colliding with a vehicle moving into the lane at the same time as you do.
等待安全换车道时，四查四周路况。始终合理分配注意力，观察前方路况，通过后视镜观察后方路况，以及查看盲点。如果你要进入的车道旁边还有一条车道，检查那条道上交通情况以避免与在相同时间驶入驶出车道的其它车辆发生碰撞。

Signal

转向信号

Turn on your signal when there is enough space for you to change lanes. After signalling, check your blind spot one more time before starting to move into the other lane. Your signal should be on soon enough to give traffic behind you time to react to the signal. If traffic in the lane you are moving into is heavy, you may turn on your signal before there is enough space to change lanes. This will let traffic behind you know that you are looking for a space to change lanes.
找开转向灯，当有足够的安全空间以换车道时。在转向灯打开后，开始驶入另一条车道前再次检查盲点。转向灯应及时打开，以便你后面的车辆有时间对信号做出反映。如果要驶入的车道车流量很大，你应当在获得安全距离换车道前就打开转向灯。这样做可以让你后方行驶的车辆知道你正在等待足够的安全距离并要换车道。

Space

安全距离

Keep at least a two to three-second distance behind the vehicle in front of you. If there is another lane beside the one you are moving into, be careful not to move in beside another vehicle or into the blind spot of another vehicle.
与前车保持至少2-3秒钟的安全车距。如果你要驶入的车道旁边还有另一条车道，要注意不要和其它车辆相碰或驶入其它车辆的盲点。

Speed

车速

Adjust your speed to match the speed of traffic in the new lane.
调整车速以配合你进入车道的车辆的行驶速度。

Change

换道

Change lanes with a smooth, gradual movement into the centre of the new lane.
平滑、稳定的驶入新车道中心行驶。

Both hands

双手驾车

Keep both hands on the steering wheel as you change lanes. Using both hands on the wheel gives you maximum steering control. An exception to this is if you have a disability that prevents you from using both hands.
当驾车换车道时，保持双手控制方向盘。使用双手可为你提供最大的操控力。除非你有残疾无法使用双手。

Cancel signal

关闭转向灯

Turn off your signal as soon as you have changed lanes.

一完成换道，立即关闭转向灯。

加拿大安大略省司机手册（十二）

2.2 Stop intersection

路口停车

   

The approach

正确步骤

This driving task is done at intersections where you must come to a stop. It begins at the point where you can see the intersection and ends just before you enter the intersection. Be sure to follow these actions:
当你在路口必须停车时，需完成这个项目。项目测试始于你可以看到路口时，止于进入路口前。确认按如下操作：

Traffic check

检查路况

Before slowing down, look all around you. Use your mirrors to check traffic behind you.
减速前，观察四周路况。使用后视镜观察后方路况。

Speed

速度

Steadily reduce speed as you approach the intersection. In a vehicle with manual transmission, you may downshift into a lower gear as you slow down. Do not coast with your foot on the clutch pedal.
当接近路口时平稳降低速度。手动档车辆，减速时应换低档位。不得踏下离合器踏板，空档滑行。

Space

安全距离
While slowing down, keep at least a two to three-second distance behind the vehicle in front of you.
减速时，与前车保持2至3秒钟的安全车距。

The stop

停车

This driving task includes the actions you take while stopped and waiting to move through the intersection. Remember these points:
测试项目包括当你在停车时以及等待移动进入路口时驾驶动作。确认按如下操作：

Stop

停车

Come to a complete stop. Do not let your vehicle roll forward or backward. When traffic conditions allow, move forward to check that the way is clear or start across the intersection. If you have to stop after you have passed the stop line, do not back up.
首先要完全停车，车辆不能向前或前后滑动。等到交通情况允许，向前移动观察车道是否畅通或开始穿越路口。如果越过停车线后，有情况必须停车时，不要倒车。

Space

安全距离

When stopped behind another vehicle at the intersection, leave enough space to pull out and pass without having to back up. Leaving this space protects you in three ways: it lets you pull around the vehicle in front if it stalls; it helps prevent you from being pushed into the vehicle ahead if you are hit from behind; and it reduces the risk of collision if the vehicle ahead rolls backward or backs up.
在十字路口停车时，要与前车保持足够空间，标准是如果需要挪车并通时，不用向后倒车。这样做可以在三方面保护你：1 如果前车故障，你可以挪车通过；2防止你在被后车追尾的情况下，再与前车连环相撞 3 可以避免因前车向后溜车或倒车而发生的碰撞

Stop line

If you are the first vehicle approaching an intersection with a red light or stop sign, stop behind the stop line if it is marked on the pavement. If there is no stop line, stop at the crosswalk, marked or not. If there is no crosswalk, stop at the edge of the sidewalk. If there is no sidewalk, stop at the edge of the intersection.
十字路口遇红灯或停车牌，应当在到达路口停车线前停车。如果未划停车线，在人行横道前停车，不管人行横道有没有划线。如果没有人行横道，以人行道的尽头为停车线。如果没有人行道，停在十字路口的边缘。

Driving through

驾车通过

This task includes the actions you take as you drive through the intersection and return to normal traffic speed. Make sure to follow these actions:
此项目测试包括：驾车通过路口及回复正常行车速度。确认按如下操作：

Traffic check

路况检查

If you are stopped, waiting for a green light or for the way to be clear, keep checking traffic all around you. Just before entering the intersection, look left, ahead and right to check that the way is clear. If there is any doubt about the right-of-way, try to make eye contact with nearby drivers or pedestrians. You have not properly checked traffic if another vehicle or pedestrian has the right-of-way and must take action to avoid your vehicle.
当你停车，等待绿灯或车道安全时，保持检查你四周的交通情况。进入路口前，检查左方，前方和右方确认路况安全。如右转时有可能存在不安全因素，要尝试通过目光向相关驾驶人员或行人示意。如当你转弯时，有其它车辆可能对你超车，在转弯前要检查盲点。如果其它拥有通行权的车辆或行人一定要避认你，你就不必等待检查完路况后再启动了。

Both hands

两手驾车

Keep both hands on the steering wheel as you drive through the intersection. You are most at risk from other traffic when you are crossing the intersection. Using both hands on the wheel gives you maximum steering control when you need it most. An exception to this is if you have a disability that prevents you from using both hands.
当驾车通过路口时，保持双手控制方向盘。当你通过路口时，其它车辆极有可能对你造成不安全。使用双手可为你提供最大的操控力。除非你有残疾无法使用双手。

Gears

档位

In a vehicle with manual transmission, do not shift gears crossing the intersection. If you need to, you may shift gears immediately after the vehicle is moving but before it is well into the intersection. You may also shift gears in an intersection wider than four lanes if not doing so would slow down other traffic. Generally, not changing gears gives you more control over your vehicle.
手动档车辆，不得在通过路口过程中换档。如果你必须换档，你可以在车辆移动但还未转弯时紧急换档。你也可以在四车道以上的大路口换档，如果不这样做会降低其它车辆速度。通常情况下，保持档位可在转弯中为你提供更多的车辆控制力。

Traffic check

路况检查

As you return to normal traffic speed, check your mirrors to become aware of the traffic situation after you have gone through the intersection.
当通过路口并回复至正常车速后，检查各后视镜时刻关注新车道交通状况。

Speed

速度

Move ahead within four to five seconds after it is safe to start. Return to normal traffic speed by accelerating smoothly to blend with the traffic around you. In light traffic, accelerate moderately. In heavier traffic, you may have to accelerate more quickly. In a vehicle with manual transmission, shift gears as you increase speed.
可安全移动后，在4至5秒内向前移动。车流量小时，安全前题下适当加速即可。车流量大时，你必须要更快加速。手动档车辆，应安全快速换档。

2.3. Through intersection

    通过十字路口

 

The approach

正确步骤

 This driving task is done at intersections where you may not need to stop. It begins at the point where you can see the intersection and ends just before the entrance to the intersection. Remember to do the following:
当你不需停车，通过十字路口的情况下，会测试这个项目。项目测试始于你可以看到路口时，止于进入十字路口前。确认按如下操作：

Traffic check

检查路况

As you approach the intersection, look left and right for traffic on the intersecting road. If you have to slow down for the intersection, check your mirrors for traffic behind you.
当你驶近路口，要自左自右观查十字路口的交通情况。如果因路况需要进入十字路口前必须减速，要通过后视镜观察车后方的交通状况。

Speed

速度

Keep at the same speed as you go through the intersection unless there is a chance traffic may cross the intersection in front of you. If so, slow down or hold your foot over the brake, ready to slow down or stop. Watch for pedestrians about to cross the intersection and vehicles edging into the intersection or approaching at higher speeds.
通过十字路时应保持车速均速通过，除非前方有车辆可能横穿十字路口。如在那种情况下，要降低车速或是把脚放在刹车踏板上，准备减速或停车。注意横穿路口的行人，以及低速进入路口或是高速靠近路口的车辆。

Space

安全距离

Keep at least a two to three-second distance behind the vehicle in front of you.
与前车保持2至3秒钟的安全车距。

Driving through

驾车通过

This driving task includes your actions from the time you enter the intersection until you have crossed it and are returning to normal traffic speed. Remember these points:
此项目将测试包括从你驶入十字路至通过路口并回复正常车的驶车动作。确认按如下操作：

Lane

车道

Do not go over lane markings or change lanes in the intersection. If your lane is blocked by a vehicle turning left or a vehicle edging into the intersection from the right, slow down or stop instead of pulling out to go around the vehicle.
通过十字路口时，不要行驶在或是越过车道线。如车道被左转车辆或从右方进入十字路口的车辆占用时，应当减速或停车，不能以任何方式绕行以通过阻碍你的车辆。

Both hands

双车驾车

Keep both hands on the steering wheel as you drive through the intersection. You are most at risk from other traffic when you are crossing the intersection. Using both hands on the wheel gives you maximum steering control when you need it most. An exception to this is if you have a disability that prevents you from using both hands.
当驾车通过路口时，保持双手控制方向盘。当你通过路口时，其它车辆极有可能对你造成不安全。使用双手可为你提供最大的操控力。除非你有残疾无法使用双手。

Gears

档位

In a vehicle with manual transmission, do not shift gears while crossing the intersection. If you need to, you may shift gears immediately after the vehicle is moving but before it is well into the intersection. You may also shift gears in an intersection wider than four lanes if not doing so would slow down other traffic. Generally, not changing gears gives you more control over your vehicle.
手动档车辆，不得在通过路口过程中换档。如果你必须换档，你可以在车辆移动但还未转弯时紧急换档。你也可以在四车道以上的大路口换档，如果不这样做会降低其它车辆速度。通常情况下，保持档位可在转弯中为你提供更多的车辆控制力。

Traffic check

路况检查

If you slowed down for the intersection, check your mirrors again before returning to normal traffic speed.
因十字路口交通情况需减速时，在恢复正常行驶速度前，应再次观查你的后视镜。